Panaji, formerly Nova Goa (Portuguese ‘New Goa’), is the state capital of Goa in western India. Panaji is now the official name of the city. During the Portuguese rule it was known as Nova Goa, and later the English term New Goa was used.
Panaji was originally a small suburb of Velha Goa. After a few epidemics in the first half of the 18th century, the capital of the Portuguese colony of Panaji gained in importance. In 1759 it became the seat of the Viceroy, 1843 saw it become the capital of the colony, and given the name Nova Goa. After the occupation of the colony by the Indian army in 1961, Panaji became the capital of the Union territories of Goa, Daman and Diu. In 1987 the Indian state of Goa proclaimed it as its capital.
Panaji is also the largest city of Goa. The area is about 36 sq km, the population stood at 62,398 in 2005 (with suburbs 100,000). This was a result of many government institutions, but it on working days it is considerably higher. Panaji is situated on the left bank of the river Mandovi and is about 54 kilometers from the international airport, Vasco da Gama (IATA away: GOI).
Especially in the city center, there are numerous buildings in Portuguese colonial style, including the Church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception from 1619. The city is also home to the Hindu Mahalaxmi Temple and the Jama Masjid mosque. Other architectural monuments are located in the vicinity. Panaji is now also a modern city with growing economic importance.
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