Many computer networks rely on cables for transmitting information to electronic devices within their local area network (LAN). The type of cabling depends on the topology, protocol and size of the network.
The common types used in LAN systems are category 5e and category 6 cables. These are unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables, which mean they consist of four pairs of wires that are twisted a different number of times per inch. The method of twisting is designed to eliminate cable noise interference from other electrical devices. The more tightly twisted a UTP cable, the higher the rate of transmission. UTP cables are typically fitted with a rj45 connector. These connectors are made of plastic and are similar to those used for telephones.
Category 5 Cable
Commonly used for Ethernet cabling systems due to its high signal integrity, Cat5e bulk cable is capable of handling networks that generate up to 1,000 megabits of information per second (mpbs). Cat5e is also used to carry voice and video systems in equipment such as ATMs.
While Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is most commonly used to make the outer covering of the cable, other material such as Hydrogen Chloride (HCL) is used as well. Many Cat5e cables also have a test rating of 350 megahertz (MHz), meaning it is capable of transmitting data at a speed of one gigabyte.
The internal composition of a Cat5e cable will feature either a solid or stranded conductor depending on its intended use. The cheaper of the two, solid conductors consist of a solid piece of copper and are commonly used for fixed installation purposes.
Also known as Cat5e patch cables, stranded conductor cable is known for providing flexibility due to the use of copper in bundled form. It is commonly used for connecting computers or game systems to a switch or router.
Category 6 Cable
Much of the physical composition of category 6 cable is the same as category 5. The main difference is its data transmission capability. Primarily used for Gigabit Ethernet systems, Cat6 bulk cable and cat6 patch cables can run networks with data transmission rates up to 10,000 mbps at speeds as fast as 400mhs. Unshielded cat5e and cat6 cable are available in lengths up to 100 meters for most purposes.
Which cable is the best fit for your network? As mentioned previously, that will depend on the size of the system as well as the topology and protocol.
But no matter which one you use, it is reassuring to know that both category 5 and category 6 UTP cables have a solid reputation for providing high quality data transmission to local networks around the globe.
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